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1934-JUL-01


MA  CHINA  TUNGANISTAN 
   
(Lanchow) - (Nanking a) - (Khotan) -

Autonomous Military Region of Southern Sinkiang : NANKIANG
[Tunganistan Kingdom]

Flag or logo since 1934-07-01*
NAN-CHIANG Chün-Ch´ü : 南疆軍區 (zh) De facto Semi-Independent
Emblem or Symbol*

Ma Lin
(ruler of MA since 1931-05-02)

Lin Sen
(ruler of CHINA since 1931-12-15)

Padishah Ma Hu-Shan
(ruler of TUNGANISTAN since 1934-07-01)
 
 
 
 
Capitals & administrative places*: Khotan
(Ho-T´ien)
Official & national languages: Chinese (zh) .

Mainland:


TUNGANISTAN Autonomous Military Region of NANKIANG  (Khotan)

2 Divisions:

BAYINGOLIN BAYINGOLIN Region  (Korla)Local: PA-YIN-KUO-LENG  (K´u-Erh-Le)
KHOTAN KHOTAN Region  (Khotan)Local: HO-T´IEN  (Ho-T´ien)



1 Assisted Entity

KUMUL KUMUL Khanate  (Khamil) Yulbars Khan the Tiger Prince






* The emblems shown for the subdivisions may in some cases be those of their capital.

Other Independent or Semi-Independent Polities within the 2023's internationally recognized Country boundaries:

CHINA National Government of the Republic of CHINA [Kuomintang Government]  (Nanking a)
EASTERN PROVINCES EASTERN PROVINCES Special Administrative Region  (Kharbin)
KUMUL KUMUL Khanate  (Khamil)
KWANGTUNG Autonomous Government of the Province of KWANGTUNG [Warlordship of the Kwangtung Clique]  (Chenkiang)
KWANKAI Government of Kwangsi : KWANKAI  (Nanning)
KWEICHOW Province of KWEICHOW [Autonomous Warlordship]  (Kweiyang)
MA THREE MAS OF THE NORTHWEST Sultanates [Warlordships of the Ma Clique]  (Lanchow)
MANCHURIA Great Empire of Manchuria : MANCHUKUO  (Hsinking)
SHANSI SHANSI Clique [Autonomous Warlordship of the Shansi Clique]  (Taiyuan-Yangchu)
SHANTUNG SHANTUNG Province [Autonomous Warlordship of the Shantung Clique]  (Tsinan)
SINKIANG Autonomous Province of SINKIANG [Pro-Soviet Warlordship]  (Tihwa)
SOVIET CHINA CHINESE Soviet Republic  (Juichin)
SZECHWAN Independent Government of the Province of SZECHWAN [Autonomous Warlordships of the Szechwan Clique]  (Chengtu)
TIBET Kingdom of TIBET  (Lhasa)
WEIHAIWEI WEIHAIWEI Special Administrative Region  (Weihaiwei)
YUNNAN YUNNAN Province [Autonomous Warlordship of the Yunnan Clique]  (Kunming)


Other Territories or Entities within the 2023's internationally recognized Country boundaries:

AIGUN Soviet Union Concession of AIGUN  (Aigun)
AMERICAN TIENTSIN American Permanent Base of TIENTSIN  (Tientsin American Base)
ANHWEI AN-HWEI Province  (Hwaining)
BAYAN-NUR BAYAN NUR League  (Linho)
BERI BERI State  (Beri)
BRITISH FOOCHOW British Concession at FOOCHOW  (Foochow British Concession)
BRITISH SHAMEEN British Concession of SHAMEEN  (Shameen)
BRITISH TIENTSIN TIENTSIN British Concession  (Tientsin British Concession)
CHAHAR CHAHAR Province  (Changkiakow)
CHAOHSUN CHAOHSUN Administrative Circuit  (Chaoan)
CHATUNG Special Eastern Chahar Autonomous Region : CHATUNG  (Dolon Nor)
CHEKIANG CHEKIANG Province  (Hangchow)
CHUAN-SHEN SZECHUAN-SHENSI Soviet  (Chuan-Shen)
CHUNGKING CHUNGKING Special Municipality  (Chungking)
CHWANPIEN CHWANPIEN Special Administrative District  (Dardo)
DAIREN DAIREN Special Municipality  (Port Arthur)
DRANGO DRANGO State  (Hsintu)
E-HSIANG-WAN HUPEH-HONAN-ANHWEI Soviet  (Huangkang)
FRENCH CHUNGKING French Marine Establishment of Odent in CHUNGKING  (Odent)
FRENCH HANKOW French Concession at HANKOW  (Hankow French Concession)
FRENCH SHAMEEN French Concession of SHAMEEN  (Shameen French Concession)
FRENCH SHANGHAI Municipal Council of the FRENCH CONCESSION OF SHANGHAI  (Shanghai French Concession)
FRENCH TIENTSIN TIENTSIN French Concession  (Tientsin French Concession)
FUKIEN FUKIEN Province  (Foochow)
GOLOK GOLOK Prefecture [Ngolok Tribal Region in Rebellion]  (Machin)
GREATER SHANGHAI Demilitarized Zone of the Special Municipality of GREATER SHANGHAI [Chinese City Government]  (Shanghai)
HAINAN Hainan Soviet : CHIUNGYA Soviet  (Haikou)
HANKOW FIRST AREA HANKOW First Special Area  (Hankow)
HANKOW SECOND AREA HANKOW Second Special Area  (Kianghan)
HANKOW THIRD AREA HANKOW Third Special Area  (Kiaokow)
HONAN HONAN Province  (Kaifeng)
HONG KONG British Crown Colony of HONG KONG  (Victoria City)
HONGKEW Japanese District of HONGKEW  (Hongkew)
HOPEH HOPEH Province  (Tsingyuan)
HORPA STATES Hor States : HORPA STATES  (Dardo)
HSIANG-E-CHUAN-CHIAN HUNAN-HUPEH-SZECHWAN-KWICHOW Soviet  (Hsiang-E-Chuan-Chian)
HSIANG-E-KAN HUNAN-HUPEH-KIANGSI Soviet : Hsiang-E-Kan Soviet  (Yueyang + Hsienning + Kiukiang + I-Chun)
HSIANG-EHSI HUNAN-WESTERN HUPEH Soviet  (Hunghu)
HSIANG-KAN HUNAN-KIANGSI Soviet  (Lienhua)
HSIKING HSIKING Special Municipality  (Hsiking)
HSINKING HSINKING Special Municipality [New Capital]  (Hsinking)
HUNAN HUNAN Province  (Changsha)
HUNAN-WESTERN HUPEH Liberated Zones of HUNAN-WESTERN HUPEH  (Enshi)
HUNGHU HUNGHU Soviet  (Hunghu)
HUPEH HUPEH Province  (Wuchang)
INNER MONGOLIA INNER MONGOLIAN Autonomous Political Council [Autonomous Mongolian Federation]  (Changpei)
ITALIAN TIENTSIN TIENTSIN Italian Concession  (Tientsin Italian Concession)
JAPANESE FOOCHOW Japanese Concession at FOOCHOW  (Foochow Japanese Concession)
JAPANESE HANGCHOW Japanese Concession in HANGCHOW  (Hangchow Japanese Concession)
JAPANESE HANKOW Japanese Concession at HANKOW  (Hankow Japanese Concession)
JAPANESE KHARBIN Japanese Concession of KHARBIN  (Kharbin Japanese Concession)
JAPANESE SOOCHOW Japanese Concession at SOOCHOW  (Soochow Japanese Concession)
JAPANESE TIENTSIN TIENTSIN Japanese Concession  (Amatsu)
JEHOL JEHOL Province  (Jehol)
JERIM JERIM League  (Tungliao)
JOSUTU Tumed JOSUTU League  (Chaoyang)
JUU UDA JUU UDA League  (Chihfeng)
KANGTUNPEI NORTHEASTERN KIANGSI Soviet  (Keyuan)
KANSU KANSU Province  (Lanchow)
KHANGSAR KHANGSAR State  (Khangsar)
KHARBIN KHARBIN Special Municipality  (Kharbin)
KHINGAN KHINGAN League  (Wangyehmiao)
KIANGSI KIANGSI Province  (Nanchang)
KIANGSU KIANGSU Province  (Chinkiang)
KIHIA KIHIA District  (Kihia)
KULANGSU INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENT Municipal Council of the KULANGSU INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENT  (Kulangsu)
KWANGCHOW KWANGCHOW Special Municipality  (Canton)
KWANGCHOWAN Territory of KWANGCHOWAN [Chinese Lease to France]  (Fort Bayard)
KWANTUNG KWANTUNG Territory [Chinese Leased Territory to Japan]  (Port Arthur)
MACAO Portuguese Overseas Colony of MACAO  (Macao)
MAZUR MAZUR State  (Mazur)
MUKDEN MUKDEN Special Municipality [Shenyang]  (Mukden)
NANKING NANKING Special Municipality  (Nanking)
NINGSIA NINGSIA Province  (Yinchuan)
ORDOS ORDOS League  (Ordos)
PAKHOI Foreign Settlements of PAKHOI  (Pakhoi)
PARACEL ISLANDS PARACEL ISLANDS Group  (Woody Island)
PEIPING LEGATION QUARTER Joint Administrative Commission of the Diplomatic Quarter : PEIPING LEGATION QUARTER  (Peiping Legation Quarter)
PRATAS ISLANDS Atoll of PRATAS ISLANDS  (Tungsha)
SHANGHAI INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENT International Concession of Shanghai Municipal Council : SHANGHAI INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENT  (Shanghai International Settlement)
SHEN-KAN SHENSI-KANSU Soviet  (Paoan)
SHENSI SHENSI Province  (Paoki)
SILINGOL SILINGOL League  (Silinhot)
SINO-MANCHURIAN DEMILITARIZED ZONE SINO-MANCHURIAN DEMILITARIZED ZONE Peace Preservation Corps  (Tangku)
SOUTH MANCHURIAN RAILWAY ZONE South Manchuria Railway Company : SMR  (Dairen)
SOUTHERN KIANGSI CHINESE Soviet Republic in Southern Kiangsi  (Juichin)
SUIYUAN Shansian Province of SUIYUAN  (Kweisui)
TAIWAN Government-General of TAIWAN [Colonial Government of Formosa]  (Taipeh)
TEHUNG TEHUNG Region  (Kanfang)
TIENTSIN TIENTSIN Special Municipality  (Tientsin)
TREHOR TREHOR State  (Dardo)
TSIHSI Japanese Colony of TSIHSI  (Tsikuan)
TSINGHAI Sultanate of TSINGHAI Province  (Sining)
TSINGTAO TSINGTAO Special Municipality  (Tsingtao)
ULANCHAB ULANCHAB League  (Wulanhua)
WUHAN Hankow Special Municipality : WUHAN City  (Hankow)
ethnia.org
   
Notes:


   ethnia.org aims to find the countries, territories, governments, administrative divisions and main international organisations that have existed during the 20th century.
   Current depth of investigation: . [red: country considered completed, rose: 1 level yet to complete, white: 2 levels yet to complete]
   For an idea on how was built the site, see the following documentary link of wikipedia [fr] : Modèle:Infobox


 General Internet Sources

   * Base géographique, Archives nationales d'outre-mer (FR). For the administrative divisions of the former French dependencies.
   * Centennia Historical Atlas Software, ed. Centennia (US). For Europe, North Africa and Middle East historical maps.
   * Drapeaux d'Origine & d'Inspiration Françaises - DO&IF, SFV (FR). For French colonial flags.
   * Ethnologue: Languages of the World, SIL International (US). For languages codes.
   * Flags Of The World - FOTW, Rob Raeside (CA). For the current and historic flags of the world.
   * GeoNames, Geonames (CH). Geographical names database.
   * Google Books, Google (US). Online library used for specific sources.
   * Herald Dick Magazine, Herald Dick (FR). For some current and historic arms.
   * Heraldry of the World, by Ralf Hartemink (NL). For local emblems and arms.
   * L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde, by Jacques Leclerc, University of Laval (CA). For national linguistic policies.
   * National Arms and Emblems - Past and Present, by Hubert de Vries (NL). For historic national emblems and arms.
   * Numismondo - World Printed Money Picture Catalog, by Garry Saint, Esquire (US). For national currencies.
   * Omniatlas - Interactive atlas of World History, by Rick Westera (NZ). For some geopolitical maps.
   * Perry-Castañ:eda Library Map Collection, University of Texas at Austin (US). For some historical maps.
   * Population Statistics, by Jan Lahmeyer (NL). For historical regional demographies and areas.
   * Portale Storia, by Giovanni Fontana (IT). For photos of rulers.
   * ReliefWeb, by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA). For maps of some administrative divisions.
   * Rulers.org, by Benjamin Schemmel (DE). For photos of rulers.
   * Statoids, by Gwillim Law (US). For historical administrative subdivisions.
   * The World Factbook, ed. Central Intelligence Agency (US). For the general data and profiles of the current countries.
   * United Nations Peacekeeping, United Nations (UNO). For the United Nations Missions.
   * Vexilla Mundi, by Mello Luchtenberg (NL). For flags of the world.
   * Vexillographia, by Viktor Lomantsov (RU). For flags of Russia and Soviet Union.
   * Wikimedia Commons, Wikimedia Foundation (US). Free-use pictures.
   * Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation (US). For general data, maps, sources, pictures.
   * World Heritage Centre, (UNESCO). For the selected photos of the countries.
   * World History at KMLA, by Alexander Ganse (DE). For historical maps and links by country.
   * World Statesmen, by Ben Cahoon (US). Main source for the historical polities and their rulers.

 General Printed References

   * Atlas des empires and other books of Gérard Chaliand, ed. Payot (FR). General historical geopolitic data.
   * Atlas of the World's Languages, ed. Routledge (UK). Most complete world list of languages and dialects.
   * Flags Through the Ages and Accross the World, by Whitney Smith, ed. McGraw (US). Flags of the world.
   * Fragments d'Europe, by Michel Foucher, ed. Fayard (FR). For the post-Soviet Union polities.
   * L'État du Monde, ed. La Découverte (FR). Yearly geopolitic cover of the world.
   * Quid, by Dominique Frémy, ed. Plon (FR). Yearly encyclopedia that was useful for countries data.
   * Statoids printed version, by Gwillim Law (US). For historical administrative subdivisions.
   * The Times Atlas of the World, ed. Times Atlas (UK). Periodical atlas of the world with its supplementary list of administrative subdivisions.
   * World Christian Encyclopedia, by David B. Barrett, ed. Oxford University Press (UK). For world religious groups but also ethnological data. First inspiring source of Ethnia.org website's look.
   * World Paper Money, ed. Krause (US). For historical currencies.

    + the other sources are added according to the consulted entity.

 




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