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1900-JAN-01

FRANCE  INDOCHINA 
  
(Paris) - (Saigon) -

Government-General of the Indochinese Union : FRENCH INDO-CHINA
[French Protectorate]

Flag or logo since 1900-01-01*
Union indochinoise : INDO-CHINE FRANÇAISE (fr) De facto Semi-Independent
Emblem or Symbol*

President Emile Loubet
(ruler of FRANCE since 1900-01-01)
 
 
 
 
Capitals & administrative places*: Saigon
(Saïgon)
Official & national languages: French (fr) .

Mainland:


INDOCHINA Union of INDO-CHINA  (Saigon)

5 Federated Divisions:

ANNAM Empire of ANNAM [French Protectorate]  (Hue)Local: Empire d´ANNAM (fr) + Đế Quốc AN NAM – Trung Kỳ : 中圻 (vi)  (Huê)
CAMBODIA Kingdom of CAMBODIA [French Protectorate]  (Phnom Penh)Local: Royaume du CAMBODGE (fr) + Preah Reach Ana Pak KAMPUCHEA : ព្រះរាជាណាចក្រកម្ពុជា (km)  (Phnom Penh)
COCHIN-CHINA French Colony of COCHIN-CHINA  (Saigon)Local: Colonie française de COCHINCHINE (fr)  (Saïgon)
LAOS French Protectorate of LAOS  (Vientiane)Local: Protectorat français du LAOS (fr) + Falang Pokpong LAO : ຝະລັ່ງ ປົກປ້ອງລາວ (lo)  (Viengchan)
TONGKING French Protectorate of TONGKING  (Hanoi)Local: Protectorat du TONKIN (fr) + Bảo hộ BắC Kỳ – Bắc Bộ : 北圻 (vi)  (Hanoï)



3 Territories:

CHANTABOON Province of CHANTABOON [French Occupied Province of Chantabor]  (Chantaboon)Local: Province de CHANTABOUN (fr) + Mueang CHANTHA BURI : เมืองจันทบุรี (th)  (Chantabor)
PARACEL ISLANDS PARACEL ISLANDS Group  (Woody Island)Local: Groupe des ÎLES PARACELS (fr) + Quần đảo HOÀNG SA TRƯờNG SA (vi)  (Île Woody)
SPRATLY ISLANDS SPRATLY ISLANDS Group  (Spratly)Local: Groupe des ÎLES SPRATLEY (fr)  (Spratley)

Dependent Protectorates:

ANNAM Empire of ANNAM [French Protectorate]  (Hue)Local: Empire d´ANNAM (fr) + Đế Quốc AN NAM – Trung Kỳ : 中圻 (vi)  (Huê)
ATTOPU ATTOPU Province [French Residency of the Principality of Attopu]  (Attopu)Local: Province d´ATTOPEU (fr) + Khueng ATTOPEU : ແຂວງ ອັດຕະປື (lo)  (Attopeu)
CAMBODIA Kingdom of CAMBODIA [French Protectorate]  (Phnom Penh)Local: Royaume du CAMBODGE (fr) + Preah Reach Ana Pak KAMPUCHEA : ព្រះរាជាណាចក្រកម្ពុជា (km)  (Phnom Penh)
CAMMON CAMMON Province [French Residency of the Principality of Khammuan]  (Lao Khammuan)Local: Province de CAMMON (fr) + Khueng KHAMMUAN : ແຂວງ ຄໍາມ່ວນ (lo)  (Lao Khammouane)
HUAPHAN HUA-PHAN Province [French Residency of the Principality of Huaphan]  (Samneua)Local: Province du HOUA-PHAN (fr) + Khueng HOUAPHAN : ແຂວງ ຫົວພັນ (lo)  (Sam Neua)
LAOS French Protectorate of LAOS  (Vientiane)Local: Protectorat français du LAOS (fr) + Falang Pokpong LAO : ຝະລັ່ງ ປົກປ້ອງລາວ (lo)  (Viengchan)
LUANG PRABANG Province of LUANG PRABANG [French Protectorate of the Kingdom of Luang Prabang]  (Luangphrabang)Local: Royaume de LUANG PHRABANG (fr) + Anachak LUANG PHRABANG : ອານາຈັກຫລວງພະບາງ (lo)  (Luangphrabang)
PHONGSALY PHONGSALY Province [French Residency of the Lao States]  (Muong Hun Xieng Hung)Local: Province de PHONG-SALY (fr) + Khueng PHÔNGSALI : ແຂວງຜົ້ງສາລີ (lo)  (Muong Houn Xieng Houng)
SARAVAN SARAVAN Province [French Residency of the Principality of Saravan]  (Saravan)Local: Province de SARAVANE (fr) + Khueng SALAVAN : ແຂວງ ສາລະວັນ (lo)  (Saravane)
SAVANNAKHET SAVANNAKHET Province [French Residency of the Principality of Savannakhet]  (Savannakhet)Local: Province de SAVANNAKHÉT (fr) + Khueng SAVANNAKHÉT : ແຂວງ ສະຫວັນນະເຂດ (lo)  (Savannakhét)
STUNG TRENG STUNG TRENG Province [French Residency]  (Stung Treng)Local: Province de STOENG TRÊNG (fr) + Khueng XIENG TENG : ແຂວງ ຂອງໃກ້ຊິດ (lo)  (Stoeng Trêng)
TONGKING French Protectorate of TONGKING  (Hanoi)Local: Protectorat du TONKIN (fr) + Bảo hộ BắC Kỳ – Bắc Bộ : 北圻 (vi)  (Hanoï)
UPPER MEKONG UPPER MEKONG Province [French Residency of the Principality of Upper Mekong]  (Ban Huaysai)Local: Province du HAUT-MÉKONG (fr) + Khueng NAMTHA : ແຂວງ ນໍ້າທາ (lo)  (Banhouei Sai)
VIENTIANE VIENTIANE Province [French Residency of the Principality of Vientiane]  (Vientiane)Local: Province de VIENTIANE (fr) + Khueng VIANGCHAN : ແຂວງວຽງຈັນ (lo)  (Viengchan)
XIENGKHWANG TRAN NINH Province [French Residency of the Principality of Xiengkhwang]  (Xiengkhwang)Local: Province de TRAN-NINH (fr) + Khueng XIENG-KHOUANG : ແຂວງ ຊຽງຂວາງ (lo)  (Xiangkhouang)



* The emblems shown for the subdivisions may in some cases be those of their capital.
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 General Internet Sources

   * Base géographique, Archives nationales d'outre-mer (FR). For the administrative divisions of the former French dependencies.
   * Centennia Historical Atlas Software, ed. Centennia (US). For Europe, North Africa and Middle East historical maps.
   * Drapeaux d'Origine & d'Inspiration Françaises - DO&IF, SFV (FR). For French colonial flags.
   * Ethnologue: Languages of the World, SIL International (US). For languages codes.
   * Flags Of The World - FOTW, Rob Raeside (CA). For the current and historic flags of the world.
   * GeoNames, Geonames (CH). Geographical names database.
   * Google Books, Google (US). Online library used for specific sources.
   * Herald Dick Magazine, Herald Dick (FR). For some current and historic arms.
   * Heraldry of the World, by Ralf Hartemink (NL). For local emblems and arms.
   * L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde, by Jacques Leclerc, University of Laval (CA). For national linguistic policies.
   * National Arms and Emblems - Past and Present, by Hubert de Vries (NL). For historic national emblems and arms.
   * Numismondo - World Printed Money Picture Catalog, by Garry Saint, Esquire (US). For national currencies.
   * Omniatlas - Interactive atlas of World History, by Rick Westera (NZ). For some geopolitical maps.
   * Perry-Castañ:eda Library Map Collection, University of Texas at Austin (US). For some historical maps.
   * Population Statistics, by Jan Lahmeyer (NL). For historical regional demographies and areas.
   * Portale Storia, by Giovanni Fontana (IT). For photos of rulers.
   * ReliefWeb, by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA). For maps of some administrative divisions.
   * Rulers.org, by Benjamin Schemmel (DE). For photos of rulers.
   * Statoids, by Gwillim Law (US). For historical administrative subdivisions.
   * The World Factbook, ed. Central Intelligence Agency (US). For the general data and profiles of the current countries.
   * United Nations Peacekeeping, United Nations (UNO). For the United Nations Missions.
   * Vexilla Mundi, by Mello Luchtenberg (NL). For flags of the world.
   * Vexillographia, by Viktor Lomantsov (RU). For flags of Russia and Soviet Union.
   * Wikimedia Commons, Wikimedia Foundation (US). Free-use pictures.
   * Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation (US). For general data, maps, sources, pictures.
   * World Heritage Centre, (UNESCO). For the selected photos of the countries.
   * World History at KMLA, by Alexander Ganse (DE). For historical maps and links by country.
   * World Statesmen, by Ben Cahoon (US). Main source for the historical polities and their rulers.

 General Printed References

   * Atlas des empires and other books of Gérard Chaliand, ed. Payot (FR). General historical geopolitic data.
   * Atlas of the World's Languages, ed. Routledge (UK). Most complete world list of languages and dialects.
   * Flags Through the Ages and Accross the World, by Whitney Smith, ed. McGraw (US). Flags of the world.
   * Fragments d'Europe, by Michel Foucher, ed. Fayard (FR). For the post-Soviet Union polities.
   * L'État du Monde, ed. La Découverte (FR). Yearly geopolitic cover of the world.
   * Quid, by Dominique Frémy, ed. Plon (FR). Yearly encyclopedia that was useful for countries data.
   * Statoids printed version, by Gwillim Law (US). For historical administrative subdivisions.
   * The Times Atlas of the World, ed. Times Atlas (UK). Periodical atlas of the world with its supplementary list of administrative subdivisions.
   * World Christian Encyclopedia, by David B. Barrett, ed. Oxford University Press (UK). For world religious groups but also ethnological data. First inspiring source of Ethnia.org website's look.
   * World Paper Money, ed. Krause (US). For historical currencies.

    + the other sources are added according to the consulted entity.

 



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UPDATED ON: ~ 2023-APR-27 ~ .