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1928-DEC-08


SOVIET CHINA (Yiyang g) Rebellion CHINESE Soviet Territories : Hsiang Chung-Fa
GREATER MANCHURIA (Mukden) Rebellion Military Government of GREATER MANCHURIA [Fengtien Clique] : Chang Hsueh-Liang
CHINA (Nanking a) SDN Member National Government of the Republic of CHINA [Kuomintang Nationalist Government] : Chiang Kai-Shek
NORTHWEST CHINA (Changkiakow) De facto Semi-Independent Nationalist Army of the NORTHWEST [Kuominchun Clique] : General Feng Yu-Hsiang

Other Entities with similar names
National Government of the Republic of CHINA [Kuomintang Nationalist Government]
(Nanking a)

National Government of the Republic of CHINA
[Kuomintang Nationalist Government]

Flag or logo since 1921-05-05*
CHUNG-HUA Min-Kuo : 中華民國 (zh) SDN Member
Emblem or Symbol*

Chiang Kai-Shek
(ruler of CHINA since 1928-10-10)
 
 
 
 
Capitals & administrative places*: Nanking a
(Nan-Ching)
a administrative, national or political capital (also ruler's residence)
Official & national languages: Chinese (zh) .

Mainland:


NATIONALIST CHINA Republic of CHINA  (Nanking)

16 Regionalized Divisions:

ANHWEI AN-HWEI Province  (Hwaining)Local: AN-HUEI Sheng : 安徽省 (zh)  (Huai-Ning)
CHEKIANG CHEKIANG Province  (Hangchow)Local: CHE-CHIANG Sheng : 浙江省 (zh)  (Hang-Chou)
FUKIEN FUKIEN Province  (Foochow)Local: FU-CHIEN Sheng : 福建省 (zh)  (Fu-Chou)
GREATER SHANGHAI GREATER SHANGHAI Special Municipality [Chinese City Government]  (Shanghai)Local: Chung-Kuo Ch´eng-Shih Cheng-Fu TA SHANG-HAI :中國 城市 政府 大上海 (zh)  (Shang-Hai)
HOPEI HOPEH Province  (Peiping)Local: HO-PEI Sheng : 河北省 (zh)  (Pei-Ping)
HUNAN HUNAN Province  (Changsha)Local: HU-NAN Sheng : 湖南省 (zh)  (Ch´ang-Sha)
HUPEH HUPEH Province  (Wuchang)Local: HU-PEI Sheng : 湖北省 (zh)  (Wu-Ch´ang)
JEHOL JEHOL Province  (Jehol)Local: JE-HO Sheng : 熱河省 (zh)  (Je-Ho)
KIANGSI KIANGSI Province  (Nanchang)Local: CHIANG-HSI Sheng : 江西省 (zh)  (Nan-Ch´ang)
KIANGSU KIANGSU Province  (Chinkiang)Local: CHIANG-SU Sheng : 江蘇 省 (zh)  (Ching-K´ou)
KWANGCHOW KWANGCHOW Special Municipality  (Canton)Local: KUANG-CHOU Shih : 廣州市 (zh)  (Kuang-Chou)
NANKING NANKING Special Municipality  (Nanking)Local: NAN-CHING Shih : 南京市 (zh)  (Nan-Ching)
SHENSI SHENSI Province  (Paoki)Local: SHAN-HSI Sheng : 陝西省 (zh)  (Pao-Chi)
SIAN SIAN Special Municipality  (Sian)Local: HSI´AN Shih : 西安市 (zh)  (Hsi-An)
TIENTSIN TIENTSIN Special Municipality  (Tientsin)Local: TIEN-CHIN Shih : 天津市 (zh)  (Tien-Chin)
WUHAN Hankow Special Municipality : Capital District of WUHAN  (Hankow)Local: WU-HAN Shih : 武漢市 (zh)  (Han-K´ou)


8 Largely Autonomous or Semi-Independent Polities

KWANGTUNG Autonomous Government of the Province of KWANGTUNG [Warlordship of the Kwangtung Clique]  (Chenkiang) Chen Ming-Shu
KWEICHOW Province of KWEICHOW [Autonomous Warlordship of the Ch´ien Clique]  (Kweiyang) Chou Hsi-Cheng
MA Warlordships of the MA Clique  (Lanchow) Ma Chi
NANCHAO Government of Kwangsi Province : NANCHAO Federation [Warlordship of the New Kwangsi Clique]  (Nanning) General Huang Shao-Hiung
NATIONALIST SZECHWAN High Pacification Commission of SZECHWAN [Pro-Nationalist Lu Chao Warlordship of the Szechwan Clique]  (Tachow) Lu Chao
SHANSI SHANSI Clique [Autonomous Warlordship of the Shansi Clique]  (Taiyuan-Yangchu) Yen Hsi-Shan
SINKIANG Autonomous Province of SINKIANG [Warlordship of the Tungan Government of the Sinkiang Clique]  (Tihwa) Chin Shu-Jen
YUNNAN YUNNAN Province [Autonomous Warlordship of the Yunnan Clique]  (Kunming) Lung Yun

6 Assisted Entities

CHUNGKING CHUNGKING Special Municipality [Liu Kiang Warlordship of the Sichuan Clique at Chungking]  (Chungking) General Liu Hsiang
NORTH SZECHWAN NORTH SZECHWAN Territory [Teng Hsi-Hou Warlordship of the Szechwan Clique]  (Barkam) General Teng Hsi-Hou
NORTH-WESTERN SZECHWAN NORTH-WESTERN SZECHWAN Garrison [Tien Sung-Yao Warlordship of the Szechwan Clique]  (Nanchung) General Tien Sung-Yao
NORTHWEST CHINA Nationalist Army of the NORTHWEST [Kuominchun Clique]  (Changkiakow) General Feng Yu-Hsiang
SZECHWAN Independent Government of the Province of SZECHWAN [Autonomous Warlordships of the Szechwan Clique]  (Chengtu) General Liu Wen-Huei
SZECHWAN-HSIKANG SZECHWAN-HSIKANG Territory [Liu Wen-Huei Warlordship of the Szechwan Clique]  (Chengtu) General Liu Wen-Huei


1 Territory:

CHWANPIEN CHWANPIEN Special Administrative District  (Tachienlu)Local: CH´UAN-PIEN T´e-Pieh Ch´ü : 川邊特別區 (zh)  (Ta-Chien-Lu)

9 Condominiums:

BRITISH HANKOW British Concession at HANKOW [Chinese Occupation]  (Hankow British Concession)Local: British Concession at HANKOW (en) + HAN-K´OU Ying Tsu-Chieh : 汉口英租界 (zh)  (Hankow British Concession)
CHINKIANG British Concession at CHINKIANG [Chinese Occupation]  (Chinkiang)Local: CHEN-CHIANG Jang-Pu : 鎮江讓步 (zh) + British Concession at CHINKIANG (en)  (Chen-Chiang)
FRENCH CHUNGKING French Marine Establishment in CHUNGKING  (Wangchiato)Local: Établissement de la Marine française à TCHONG-KING (fr)  (Wang-Chia-T´o)
KIAOCHOW Chinese Territory of KIAOCHOW  (Tsingtao)Local: KŌSHŪ-Wan : 膠州湾 (ja) + CHIAO-CHOU Wan : 膠州灣 (zh)  (Ch´ing-Tao)
KIUKIANG Chinese Occupied British Concession at KIUKIANG  (Kiukiang)Local: British Concession at KIUKIANG  (Kiukiang)
KULANGSU INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENT Municipal Council of the KULANGSU INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENT  (Kulangsu)Local: KULANGSU International Koncession (da) + Internationale Konzession von KULANGSU (de) + KULANGSU International Concession (en) + Concesión Internacional de KULANGSU (es) + Concession internationale de KOULANGSEU (fr) + Concessione internazionale di KULANGSU (it) + KORONSU no Kokusai Sokai : コロンスの国際租界 (ja) + Internationale Concessie van KULANGSU (nl) + KULANGSU Internasjonale Konsesjon (no) + Concessão Internacional de KULANGSU (pt) + KULANGSU International Koncession (sv) + KU-LANG-YÜ Kuo-Tsì T´e-Hsü Ching-Ying : 鼓浪嶼國際特許經營 (zh)  (Kulangyu)
PEIPING LEGATION QUARTER Joint Administrative Commission of the Diplomatic Quarter : PEIPING LEGATION QUARTER  (Peiping Legation Quarter)Local: Administrative Commission of the Diplomatic Quarter : PEIPING LEGATION QUARTER (en) + Commission administrative du Quartier Diplomatique à Peiping : QUARTIER DES LÉGATIONS DE PEIPING (fr) + TUNG CHIAO MIN Hsiang : 東交民巷 (zh)  (Tung Chiao-Min Hsiang)
SHANGHAI INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENT International Concession of Shanghai Municipal Council : SHANGHAI INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENT  (Shanghai International Settlement)Local: SHANGHAI International Settlement (en) + SHANGHAI International Koncession (da) + SCHANGHAI Internationalen Konzessionen (de) + Concesión Internacional de SHANGHÁI (es) + Concession Internationale de CHANGHAÏ (fr) + Concessione Internazionale di SCIANGAI (it) + SHIYANHAI Kiyoudou Sokai : 上海共同租界 (ja) + Internationale Concessie van SHANGHAI (nl) + Concessão Internacional de XANGAI (pt) + SHANHAYSKIY Mezhdunarodny Settlment : ШАНХАЙСКИЙ международный сеттльмент (ru) + SHANGHAI International Settlement (sv) + SHANG-HAI Kung-Kung Tsu-Chieh : 上海公共租界 (zh)  (Shanghai International Settlement)
SHANTUNG Province of SHANTUNG [Japanese Zone of Influence]  (Tsinan)Local: SHAN-TUNG Sheng : 山東省 (zh)  (Chi-Nan)


24 Organisations (or Groupings) of membership (selective)


AIR SPORTS World Air Sports Federation : WASF  (Lausanne)
ATCCT Advisory and Technical Committee for Communications and Transit : ATCCT  (Geneva)
CTW Advisory Committee on the Traffic in Women and Children : CTW  (New York City)
EFO Economic and Financial Organization of the League of Nations : EFO  (Brusells)
HAGUE CONVENTION Permanent Court of Arbitration : PCA  (The Hague)
HCR League of Nations High Commission for Refugees : HCR  (Berne)
ICAN International Commission for Air Navigation : ICAN  (Paris)
ICIC International Commission on Intellectual Co-operation : ICIC  (Geneva)
IHB International Hydrographic Bureau : IHB Specialized Agency  (Monaco)
ILO International Labour Organization : ILO Specialized Agency  (Geneva)
INTERNATIONAL POLICE International Criminal Police Commission : ICPC  (Vienna)
LEAGUE OF NATIONS League of Nations Covenant : LON  (Geneva)
LEAGUE OF RED CROSS League of Red Cross Societies : LORCS  (Paris)
LNHO League of Nations Health Organization : LNHO  (Geneva)
OLYMPIC GAMES International Olympic Committee : IOC  (Lausanne)
PCIJ Permanent Court of International Justice : PCIJ  (The Hague)
PCOB Permanent Central Opium Board : PCOB  (Geneva)
RED CROSS International Committee of the Red Cross : ICRC  (Geneva)
REFRIGERATION International Institute of Refrigeration : IIR  (Paris)
SINO-GERMAN ALLIANCE SINO-GERMAN Cooperation  (Shanghai)
SLAVERY Convention to Suppress the Slave Trade and Slavery : SLAVERY Commission  (Geneva)
TELEGRAPH International Telegraph Union : ITU  (Berne)
UNIVERSAL POSTAL UNION Universal Postal Union : UPU  (Berne)
WORLD BUSINESS International Chamber of Commerce : ICC [The Word Business Organization]  (Paris)


* The emblems shown for the subdivisions may in some cases be those of their capital.


Other Territories or Entities within the 2023's internationally recognized Country boundaries:

FORMOSAN ABORIGINES FORMOSAN Aboriginal Peoples [Bunun Rebellion of Tafen]  (Hualien Harbor)
PRATAS ISLANDS Atoll of PRATAS ISLANDS  (Tungsha)
TAIWAN Government-General of TAIWAN [Colonial Government of Formosa]  (Taipeh)
ethnia.org
   
Notes:

   ethnia.org aims to find the countries, territories, governments, administrative divisions and main international organisations that have existed during the 20th century.
   Current depth of investigation: . [red: country considered completed, rose: 1 level yet to complete, white: 2 levels yet to complete]
   For an idea on how was built the site, see the following documentary link of wikipedia [fr] : Modèle:Infobox

 General Internet Sources

   * Base géographique, Archives nationales d'outre-mer (FR). For the administrative divisions of the former French dependencies.
   * Centennia Historical Atlas Software, ed. Centennia (US). For Europe, North Africa and Middle East historical maps.
   * Drapeaux d'Origine & d'Inspiration Françaises - DO&IF, SFV (FR). For French colonial flags.
   * Ethnologue: Languages of the World, SIL International (US). For languages codes.
   * Flags Of The World - FOTW, Rob Raeside (CA). For the current and historic flags of the world.
   * GeoNames, Geonames (CH). Geographical names database.
   * Google Books, Google (US). Online library used for specific sources.
   * Herald Dick Magazine, Herald Dick (FR). For some current and historic arms.
   * Heraldry of the World, by Ralf Hartemink (NL). For local emblems and arms.
   * L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde, by Jacques Leclerc, University of Laval (CA). For national linguistic policies.
   * National Arms and Emblems - Past and Present, by Hubert de Vries (NL). For historic national emblems and arms.
   * Numismondo - World Printed Money Picture Catalog, by Garry Saint, Esquire (US). For national currencies.
   * Omniatlas - Interactive atlas of World History, by Rick Westera (NZ). For some geopolitical maps.
   * Perry-Castañ:eda Library Map Collection, University of Texas at Austin (US). For some historical maps.
   * Population Statistics, by Jan Lahmeyer (NL). For historical regional demographies and areas.
   * Portale Storia, by Giovanni Fontana (IT). For photos of rulers.
   * ReliefWeb, by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA). For maps of some administrative divisions.
   * Rulers.org, by Benjamin Schemmel (DE). For photos of rulers.
   * Statoids, by Gwillim Law (US). For historical administrative subdivisions.
   * The World Factbook, ed. Central Intelligence Agency (US). For the general data and profiles of the current countries.
   * United Nations Peacekeeping, United Nations (UNO). For the United Nations Missions.
   * Vexilla Mundi, by Mello Luchtenberg (NL). For flags of the world.
   * Vexillographia, by Viktor Lomantsov (RU). For flags of Russia and Soviet Union.
   * Wikimedia Commons, Wikimedia Foundation (US). Free-use pictures.
   * Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation (US). For general data, maps, sources, pictures.
   * World Heritage Centre, (UNESCO). For the selected photos of the countries.
   * World History at KMLA, by Alexander Ganse (DE). For historical maps and links by country.
   * World Statesmen, by Ben Cahoon (US). Main source for the historical polities and their rulers.

 General Printed References

   * Atlas des empires and other books of Gérard Chaliand, ed. Payot (FR). General historical geopolitic data.
   * Atlas of the World's Languages, ed. Routledge (UK). Most complete world list of languages and dialects.
   * Flags Through the Ages and Accross the World, by Whitney Smith, ed. McGraw (US). Flags of the world.
   * Fragments d'Europe, by Michel Foucher, ed. Fayard (FR). For the post-Soviet Union polities.
   * L'État du Monde, ed. La Découverte (FR). Yearly geopolitic cover of the world.
   * Quid, by Dominique Frémy, ed. Plon (FR). Yearly encyclopedia that was useful for countries data.
   * Statoids printed version, by Gwillim Law (US). For historical administrative subdivisions.
   * The Times Atlas of the World, ed. Times Atlas (UK). Periodical atlas of the world with its supplementary list of administrative subdivisions.
   * World Christian Encyclopedia, by David B. Barrett, ed. Oxford University Press (UK). For world religious groups but also ethnological data. First inspiring source of Ethnia.org website's look.
   * World Paper Money, ed. Krause (US). For historical currencies.

    + the other sources are added according to the consulted entity.

 



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UPDATED ON: ~ 2023-JUN-05 ~ .