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2023-MAR-13

ANTARCTICA  ARGENTINE  CHILE  GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND  UNITED KINGDOM 
     
((Buenos Aires)) - (Buenos Aires a + Olivos r) - (Santiago of Chile a + Valparaiso l + Vina del Mar s) - (London a + Westminster lr + Edinburgh s + Windsor r) - (London a + Westminster lr + Edinburgh s + Windsor r) -

Sector of ANTARTICA AND SOUTH ATLANTIC ISLANDS
[Disputed]

Flag or logo since 2002-09-20*
Sector of ANTARTICA AND SOUTH ATLANTIC ISLANDS (en) + Sector del ANTÁRTICA Y LAS ISLAS DEL ATLÁNTICO SUR (es)
Emblem or Symbol*

Secretary Albert Lluberas Bonaba (uy)
(ruler of ANTARCTICA since 2017-09-01)
President Alberto Fernandez
(ruler of ARGENTINE since 2019-12-10)
President Gabriel Boric
(ruler of CHILE since 2022-03-11)
King Charles III
(ruler of UNITED KINGDOM since 2022-09-08)
 
 
 
 
Capitals & administrative places*: Fossil Bluff + Carlini Station + General Bernardo O´Higgins Riquelme Base
(Fossil Bluff + Base Carlini + Base General Bernardo O´Higgins Riquelme)
Official & national languages: English (en) . Spanish (es) .

Mainland:


ANTARCTICA AND SOUTH ATLANTIC ISLANDS Sector of ANTARTICA AND SOUTH ATLANTIC ISLANDS  (Fossil Bluff + Carlini Station + General Bernardo O´Higgins Riquelme Base)

4 Divisions:

ALEXANDER THE FIRST ARCHIPELAGO ALEXANDER THE FIRST ARCHIPELAGO Group  (Fossil Bluff + Primavera Base)Local: ALEXANDER THE FIRST ARCHIPELAGO Group (en) + Grupo del ARCHIPIÉLAGO ALEJANDRO PRIMERO (es)  (Fossil Bluff + Base Primavera)
ANTARCTIC PENINSULA Territories of ANTARCTIC PENINSULA  (San Martin Base + General Bernardo O´Higgins Riquelme Base)Local: Territories of ANTARCTIC PENINSULA (en) + Territorios de la PENÍNSULA ANTÁRTICA (es)  (Base San Martín + Base General Bernardo O´Higgins Riquelme)
EASTERN ELLSWORTH LAND EASTERN ELLSWORTH LAND Territory  (Sky Blu)Local: EASTERN ELLSWORTH LAND Territory (en) + Territorio de la TIERRA DE ELLSWORTH ORIENTAL (es)  (Sky Blu)
SOUTH SHETLAND ISLANDS SOUTH SHETLAND ISLANDS Group  (Carlini Station + Base President Eduardo Frei Montalva + Bellingshausen Station + Commandant Ferraz Antarctic Base + Machu Picchu Base)Local: SOUTH SHETLAND ISLANDS Group (en) + Grupo de las ISLAS SHETLAND DEL SUR (es) + YUZHNYE SHETLANDSKIE OSTROVA Gruppy : ЮЖНЫЕ ШЕТЛАНДСКИЕ ОСТРОВА группы (ru)  (Base Carlini + Base Presidente Eduardo Frei Montalva + Bellingshausen Stancije + Estação Antártica Comandante Ferraz + Base Machu Picchu)





* The emblems shown for the subdivisions may in some cases be those of their capital.


Other Territories or Entities within the 2023's internationally recognized Country boundaries:

ARGENTINE ANTARCTICA Department of ARGENTINE ANTARCTICA [Part of the Province of Fireland Antarctica and South Atlantic Islands]  (Esperanza)
BALLENY ISLANDS BALLENY ISLANDS Group  (Swan Base)
BRITISH ANTARCTIC TERRITORY British Overseas Territory of BRITISH ANTARCTIC TERRITORY  (Halley + (Rothera Station))
CHILEAN ANTARCTICA CHILEAN ANTARCTIC Territory [in the Province of Chilean Antarctica]  (Antarctica)
MARIE BYRD LAND Sector of MARIE BYRD LAND [Unclaimed]  (Byrd Surface Camp + Russkaya Station)
PETER THE FIRST ISLAND Norwegian Dependency of PETER THE FIRST ISLAND  ((Oslo))
QUEEN MAUD LAND Norwegian Dependency of QUEEN MAUD LAND  (Troll + Tor)
ROSS New Zealand Antarctic Territory : ROSS DEPENDENCY  (Scott Base)
SCOTT ISLAND SCOTT Island  (-)
SOUTH ORKNEY ISLANDS Disputed British-Argentinian Zone of SOUTH ORKNEY ISLANDS  (Orcadas + (Signy))
SOUTH ORKNEY ISLANDS SOUTH ORKNEY ISLANDS Group  (Orcadas + Signy)
SOUTH POLE SOUTH POLE Overland  (Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station)
WESTERN COATS LAND Disputed British-Argentinian Zone of WESTERN COATS LAND AND WEDDELL SEA [Brazilian Antarctica Zone of Interest]  (Belgrano Two Base + Halley)
WESTERN ELLSWORTH LAND Chilean-British Sector in WESTERN ELLSWORTH LAND  ((Stanley) + (Puerto Williams))
ethnia.org
   
Notes:

   ethnia.org aims to find the countries, territories, governments, administrative divisions and main international organisations that have existed during the 20th century.
   Current depth of investigation: . [red: country considered completed, rose: 1 level yet to complete, white: 2 levels yet to complete]
   For an idea on how was built the site, see the following documentary link of wikipedia [fr] : Modèle:Infobox

 General Internet Sources

   * Base géographique, Archives nationales d'outre-mer (FR). For the administrative divisions of the former French dependencies.
   * Centennia Historical Atlas Software, ed. Centennia (US). For Europe, North Africa and Middle East historical maps.
   * Drapeaux d'Origine & d'Inspiration Françaises - DO&IF, SFV (FR). For French colonial flags.
   * Ethnologue: Languages of the World, SIL International (US). For languages codes.
   * Flags Of The World - FOTW, Rob Raeside (CA). For the current and historic flags of the world.
   * GeoNames, Geonames (CH). Geographical names database.
   * Google Books, Google (US). Online library used for specific sources.
   * Herald Dick Magazine, Herald Dick (FR). For some current and historic arms.
   * Heraldry of the World, by Ralf Hartemink (NL). For local emblems and arms.
   * L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde, by Jacques Leclerc, University of Laval (CA). For national linguistic policies.
   * National Arms and Emblems - Past and Present, by Hubert de Vries (NL). For historic national emblems and arms.
   * Numismondo - World Printed Money Picture Catalog, by Garry Saint, Esquire (US). For national currencies.
   * Omniatlas - Interactive atlas of World History, by Rick Westera (NZ). For some geopolitical maps.
   * Perry-Castañ:eda Library Map Collection, University of Texas at Austin (US). For some historical maps.
   * Population Statistics, by Jan Lahmeyer (NL). For historical regional demographies and areas.
   * Portale Storia, by Giovanni Fontana (IT). For photos of rulers.
   * ReliefWeb, by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA). For maps of some administrative divisions.
   * Rulers.org, by Benjamin Schemmel (DE). For photos of rulers.
   * Statoids, by Gwillim Law (US). For historical administrative subdivisions.
   * The World Factbook, ed. Central Intelligence Agency (US). For the general data and profiles of the current countries.
   * United Nations Peacekeeping, United Nations (UNO). For the United Nations Missions.
   * Vexilla Mundi, by Mello Luchtenberg (NL). For flags of the world.
   * Vexillographia, by Viktor Lomantsov (RU). For flags of Russia and Soviet Union.
   * Wikimedia Commons, Wikimedia Foundation (US). Free-use pictures.
   * Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation (US). For general data, maps, sources, pictures.
   * World Heritage Centre, (UNESCO). For the selected photos of the countries.
   * World History at KMLA, by Alexander Ganse (DE). For historical maps and links by country.
   * World Statesmen, by Ben Cahoon (US). Main source for the historical polities and their rulers.

 General Printed References

   * Atlas des empires and other books of Gérard Chaliand, ed. Payot (FR). General historical geopolitic data.
   * Atlas of the World's Languages, ed. Routledge (UK). Most complete world list of languages and dialects.
   * Flags Through the Ages and Accross the World, by Whitney Smith, ed. McGraw (US). Flags of the world.
   * Fragments d'Europe, by Michel Foucher, ed. Fayard (FR). For the post-Soviet Union polities.
   * L'État du Monde, ed. La Découverte (FR). Yearly geopolitic cover of the world.
   * Quid, by Dominique Frémy, ed. Plon (FR). Yearly encyclopedia that was useful for countries data.
   * Statoids printed version, by Gwillim Law (US). For historical administrative subdivisions.
   * The Times Atlas of the World, ed. Times Atlas (UK). Periodical atlas of the world with its supplementary list of administrative subdivisions.
   * World Christian Encyclopedia, by David B. Barrett, ed. Oxford University Press (UK). For world religious groups but also ethnological data. First inspiring source of Ethnia.org website's look.
   * World Paper Money, ed. Krause (US). For historical currencies.

    + the other sources are added according to the consulted entity.

 



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